Abstract: Micrographs of thin sections have been the basis for geological research, which are even more important now than ever as big data is becoming a new engine of scientific discovery. Micrograph data is a powerful form of geoscience data. In view of this, we collected samples, segmented thin sections, performed identification under microscope and took micrographs for the Middle Jurassic clastic rocks in the northeastern Ordos Basin. The dataset consists of 208 plane- and cross-polarized micrographs of 78 samples in total, under four or ten times magnification. Most of the samples are lithic sandstone, followed by fine grained sandstone. The quartz consists largely of single-crystal quartz, while the feldspar is primarily microcline and plagioclase. Debris is mostly clay and siliceous debris, followed by metamorphic debris. The micrographs can reflect the mineralogy and sedimentary formation of respective strata in the study area. The dataset can be used to reveal the correlation between various geological factors, and on the basis of that, to attribute the causes of varied geological formations .